Source: adapted from Brooks M.R., McCalla, R., Pallis A.A., and van der Lugt L. (2010). Cooperation and Coordination in Strategic Port Management: The Case of Atlantic Canada’s Ports. Canadian Journal of Transportation, 4(1), 29-42.
There are two types of competitive strategies for ports:
- The concept of cooperation between different ports.
- The concept of improving the integration and coordination in hinterland transport networks.
Ports may cooperate to serve shippers and shipping lines, or a port may coordinate with other port services, logistics providers, and carriers, aiming to provide better services in linking overseas forelands with inland destinations.