The concept of hinterland can be influenced by the configuration of the maritime ranges, notably the number and distribution of ports. Three basic contexts can be considered:
- Single port (A). The main hinterland is captive, as there are no or limited options to use an alternative port. Such hinterlands are usually found in developing economies and tend to be associated with resources that are found in a delimited area, such as mining and agricultural areas. Ports tend to be less specialized, with most of the activity around a limited number of commodities. The hinterland could also be protected by national boundaries that prevent alternative ports from competing.
- Multiple ports along a maritime range (B). The main hinterland of each port is expanded with the competitive hinterland where they are vying for a market share. A competitive hinterland could even be an inland area connected to ports by corridors. Such markets tend to be more diversified, covering a wide range of economic sectors supported by containerization.
- Multiple ranges (C). For complex and developed hinterlands, competition can occur over multiple maritime ranges, such as in North America and Europe. Shippers and cargo owners have several options, with ports trying to gain an advantage by developing corridors that include facilities such as inland ports. Such hinterlands characterize complex and integrated markets that can be accessed from several gateway regions.